Sunday, March 15, 2020
Advanced French Past Tenses and Imperfect
Advanced French Past Tenses and Imperfect The difference between the two main French past tenses, the passà © composà © and the imperfect, is a constant struggle for many French students. In my lesson on passà © composà © vs imperfect, you learned about the fundamental differences between these two tenses. In this more advanced lesson, you will learn about the particularities of certain verbs when used in the past. Usually Imperfect Some French verbs are nearly always used in the imperfect rather than the passà © composà ©: aimer - to like, lovecroire - to believeespà ©rer - to hopeà ªtre - to bepenser - to thinksembler - to seemsentir - to feelvouloir - to want These verbs describe a state of mind or state of being. They are most often in the imperfect because verbs like wanting and being do not usually have a clear indicator of start and finish - either they last for an unspecified amount of time or they are interrupted by some other action.   Jaimais danser quand jà ©tais jeune.   I liked to dance when I was young.   Je croyais en Dieu.   I believed in God.   Jespà ©rais gagner.   I hoped (was hoping) to win.   Jà ©tais heureux lannà ©e passà ©e.   I was happy last year.   Je pensais mon frà ¨re.   I was thinking about my brother.   Il semblait trop parfait.   It seemed too perfect.   Je me sentais malade pendant toute la journà ©e.   I felt sick all day.   Je voulais rentrer aprà ¨s le film.   I wanted to go home after the movie.However, these verbs are used in the passà © composà © wh en there is a clear indication of the beginning or end of the action of the verb, or when it is obvious that this was a simple action that only occurred once.   Je nai pas aimà © le film.    I didnt like the movie.   Je ne tai pas cru quand tu as dit...   I didnt believe you when you said...   Hier, jai espà ©rà © que tu viendrais ; aujourdhui, à §a mest à ©gal.   Yesterday I hoped you would come; today I dont care.   Quand je lai vu, jai à ©tà © surpris.   When I saw him, I was surprised (just at that moment).   Jai pensà © une bonne histoire.   I thought of a good story.   Il a semblà © disparaà ®tre.   He seemed to disappear (all of a sudden).   Jai senti une goutte de pluie.   I felt a drop of rain.   Tout dun coup, jai voulu partir.   All of a sudden, I wanted to leave.Now that you know which verbs are usually in the imperfect, you can learn about verbs that have different meanings depending on whether they are used in the passà © composà ©Ã‚ or imperfect, and verbal constructions that are always in the imperfec t. Meaning Changes There are a few verbs that have different meanings depending on whether they are used in the passà © composà © or imperfect. Note however that these verbs are usually used in the imperfect; the passà © composà © meaning is fairly uncommon.avoir - to have   imperfect - had   Javais de largent. - I had some money   Je navais pas assez de temps. - I didnt have enough time   Javais faim. - I was hungry   passà © composà © - had, got, received   Jai eu un accident. - I had / got into an accident   Jai eu une bonne surprise. - I got a nice surprise   Jai eu faim. - I got hungryconnaà ®tre - to know   imperfect - knew, was familiar with   Je la connaissais bien. - I knew her well   passà © composà © - met   Jai connu Michel hier. - I met Michel (for the first time) yesterdaydevoir - to have to   imperfect - was supposed to (whether I did or not)   Je devais partir midi. - I was supposed to leave at noon   passà © composà © - must have, had to   Jai dà » le perdre. - I must have lost it   Jai dà » partir midi.  - I had to leave at noon (and did)pouvoir - to be able to   imperfect - could, was able to (whether I did or not)   Je pouvais mentir. - I could lie / was capable of lying   passà © composà © - could, was able to, managed to; (negative) couldnt, was unable to   Jai pu mentir. - I was able to lie   Je nai pas pu mentir. - I couldnt / was unable to liesavoir - to know   imperfect - knew   Je savais ladresse. - I knew the address   Je savais nager. - I knew how to swim   passà © composà © - learned, found out   Jai su la solution. - I found out / discovered the solution   Jai su nager. - I learned how to swimvouloir - to want   imperfect - wanted   Je voulais partir. - I wanted to leave   Je voulais plus dargent. - I wanted more moneyÂ Â à ‚ passà © composà © - tried, decided to; (negative) refused   Jai voulu partir. - I tried / decided to leave   Je nai pas voulu partir. - I refused to leave Verbal Constructions Some verbs have particular constructions which, when referring to the past, are always in the imperfect:aller infinitive (near future)   Jallais à ©tudier. - I was going to study.avoir (with age)   Javais 18 ans. - I was 18.à ªtre en train de   Jà ©tais en train dà ©crire une lettre. - I was writing a letter.faire (with weather)   Il faisait beau. - It was nice out.venir de infinitive (recent past)   Je venais darriver. - I had just arrived.
Friday, February 28, 2020
Assignment 2 Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words
2 - Assignment Example Professional ethics for a sales person means honesty and integrity and is a stepping stone towards success but there are certain issues and dilemmas surrounding it (Thesis) In Today’s competitive world, the customer attention is not an easy attainable aspect. Sales people being highly interactive with public need to maintain their identity . People have a notion that sales persons lie mostly and distort facts and figures to get more sales. So this is a professional feed which need utmost truthfulness and ethical conduct. However, a complete honest approach is not suggested as every business has its secrets and sales tactics. Nevertheless, the conducts need to keep in consideration that the interests of customer and employer are not violated. Sales persons need to protect the trust of all parties concerned with business. As per (Dave) â€Å"The ethical salesperson will correct the customer and lose the immediate gain that the sale would have brought. The payoff, however, is the long-term gain in your reputation for integrity†. However, the current business world has issues and dilemmas regarding professional ethics. Professional ethics is the rules governing conduct, relationship and transaction in an organization. The ethics of a professional gains the confidence and reputation of employer, colleagues and public. According to (Reeder 108-110)â€Å" Professional ethics concerns ‘those norms, values, and principles that should govern the professional conduct†. Professional ethics is the set personal, organizational and corporate behavior standards expected from professionals. In sales profession, employees have a responsibility towards their client to deliver safe choices regarding products and services. They need to inform and treat the customer with utmost respect, dignity and honor. The sales professional should not manipulate facts for getting
Tuesday, February 11, 2020
Information Systems Have Changed the Way We Collaborate and Work in Research Paper
Information Systems Have Changed the Way We Collaborate and Work in Significant Ways - Research Paper Example We are partially robots and partially human-beings. It is very interesting to complete each stage of production and manufacturing. A perfect society, an ideal template of society, which can be reached with the help of technologies, Internet and Computers, is the main goal for modern leaders and managers. All of them are looking forward to reaching a common goal. They want to be effective and you do not spend your time on personal conflicts with them. A process of manufacturing or work will be turned into a chain of consequential actions. Different aspects of Scientific Management in the 21st Century are considered in terms of changing information systems. Modern people are surrounded by technologies. Moreover, we are absorbed by the deep technological abyss. We go to work by car, we pay for our dinner with our credit card and even in the hospitals, the processes of health inspection are absorbed by technologies. For modern citizens, these processes of technological development result basically in positive changes. Scientific Management is being developed at a huge pace for the last 100 years. Nowadays it also plays a very important role. Current working conditions enabling people to be more proactive and efficient in the process of their work. Main concepts of Scientific Management F.W. Taylor is a father of scientific management. This scientist claimed that it is better to make an emphasis on the importance of productivity and decrease the power of labor. Each function in the process of manufacturing was properly studied. Every operation was controlled by a separate person. Taylor promised that he would ensure his employees of fair days of work.Â
Friday, January 31, 2020
Milk Powder Essay Example for Free
Milk Powder Essay Why joint venture? Highest market share in milk powder, can provide technology and reputable brand name. Already brand recognition in Pakistan, thus familiar with market. Drawbacks? High royalties to established brand. Large multinational venture might dominate Milkpak. Pro’s Nestle Base in dairy products. Started out with infant formula. Plants in 60 countries, already business in Pakistan. Looking to fulfill long-term goals. Want decentralization, give JV own identity and responsibility. This was can better adapt to foreign market. Provide RD and technical assistance to subs. Growing interest in Pakistan market. Informal channel of communication. Con’s Nestle Want majority ownership in JV and want royalties. How to make cons pros? Majority ownership Nestle means that MP bears the least risk. Because MP has technical difficulties in setting up a Greenfield MP needs Nestle and Nestle needs royalties for its technology. But this is one of the few requirements. The JV will get its own management and gets a lot of responsibility. This makes it easier to adapt to the Pakistan market. This is also the trust Nestle puts in MP, since Nestle will bear most of the risk due to the majority ownership. Nestle also has the highest market share for milk powder, which can be used to gain a good reputation. In short Nestle bears risk, puts MP in charge of the subsidiary, gives technological and RD support, which is what MP is looking for, but needs royalties in return. Familiar with milk powder and infant formula.
Thursday, January 23, 2020
business release :: essays research papers
FDA APPROVES REFRACTEC’s ® CKSM (Conductive KeratoplastySM) NON-LASER PROCEDURE FOR FARSIGHTEDNESS CK Uses Radiofrequency Energy, Instead of a Laser, to Reshape the Cornea Without Cutting or Removing Tissue IRVINE, Calif., April 16, 2002 – Ophthalmic device manufacturer Refractec Inc. today announced that the U.S. Food and Drug Administration has approved CK (Conductive Keratoplasty), a procedure for farsightedness (hyperopia) in people over age 40. CK utilizes the controlled release of radiofrequency (RF) energy, instead of a laser or scalpel, to reshape the cornea. The minimally invasive CK procedure takes less than three minutes and is done in-office with only topical (eye drop) anesthesia. Farsightedness, which occurs when the cornea is too flat or the eye is too short, is the most common vision disorder in America and affects more than 60 million people over age 40. Symptoms include difficulty reading menus, a computer screen and seeing to drive at night, or the need to constantly reposition reading material to find the right focus. â€Å"For years, the farsighted have been left behind as vision correction progressed: RK (radial keratonomy), PRK (photorefractive keratectomy) even LASIK (Laser In-situ Keratomileusis) initially, were all treatments designed specifically for the nearsighted,†said world-renowned ophthalmologist Marguerite B. McDonald, MD, medical monitor for the FDA clinical trials, director of the Southern Vision Institute and clinical professor of ophthalmology at Tulane University, New Orleans, La. â€Å"CK is one of the first procedures designed specifically for the millions of people with hyperopia.†(more) FDA Approves CK Page 2 of 4 Due to the flatness of the cornea, farsightedness is the most difficult disorder to treat with LASIK and the most likely to cause complications, according to Robert K. Maloney, MD, principal FDA clinical investigator and director of the Maloney-Seibel Vision Institute in Santa Monica, Calif. â€Å"Hyperopic LASIK accounts for about 20 percent of my practice, but 80 percent of the complications, because hyperopic patients are more likely, after LASIK, to get dry eyes, hazy vision or poor quality of vision,†said Dr. Maloney. Procedure Appeals to Risk-Adverse Baby Boomers Baby Boomers (those born between 1946 and 1964) comprise the largest segment of the farsighted population, and many view the need for glasses as a sign of aging. Yet, hyperopic procedures comprised only a small percentage of the nearly 2 million U.S. refractive surgeries performed last year. Consumer research indicates that, to date, very few people between the ages of 40 to 60 have even considered vision correction surgery, as they tend to be more conservative and risk-adverse than their younger, nearsighted (myopic) counterparts. business release :: essays research papers FDA APPROVES REFRACTEC’s ® CKSM (Conductive KeratoplastySM) NON-LASER PROCEDURE FOR FARSIGHTEDNESS CK Uses Radiofrequency Energy, Instead of a Laser, to Reshape the Cornea Without Cutting or Removing Tissue IRVINE, Calif., April 16, 2002 – Ophthalmic device manufacturer Refractec Inc. today announced that the U.S. Food and Drug Administration has approved CK (Conductive Keratoplasty), a procedure for farsightedness (hyperopia) in people over age 40. CK utilizes the controlled release of radiofrequency (RF) energy, instead of a laser or scalpel, to reshape the cornea. The minimally invasive CK procedure takes less than three minutes and is done in-office with only topical (eye drop) anesthesia. Farsightedness, which occurs when the cornea is too flat or the eye is too short, is the most common vision disorder in America and affects more than 60 million people over age 40. Symptoms include difficulty reading menus, a computer screen and seeing to drive at night, or the need to constantly reposition reading material to find the right focus. â€Å"For years, the farsighted have been left behind as vision correction progressed: RK (radial keratonomy), PRK (photorefractive keratectomy) even LASIK (Laser In-situ Keratomileusis) initially, were all treatments designed specifically for the nearsighted,†said world-renowned ophthalmologist Marguerite B. McDonald, MD, medical monitor for the FDA clinical trials, director of the Southern Vision Institute and clinical professor of ophthalmology at Tulane University, New Orleans, La. â€Å"CK is one of the first procedures designed specifically for the millions of people with hyperopia.†(more) FDA Approves CK Page 2 of 4 Due to the flatness of the cornea, farsightedness is the most difficult disorder to treat with LASIK and the most likely to cause complications, according to Robert K. Maloney, MD, principal FDA clinical investigator and director of the Maloney-Seibel Vision Institute in Santa Monica, Calif. â€Å"Hyperopic LASIK accounts for about 20 percent of my practice, but 80 percent of the complications, because hyperopic patients are more likely, after LASIK, to get dry eyes, hazy vision or poor quality of vision,†said Dr. Maloney. Procedure Appeals to Risk-Adverse Baby Boomers Baby Boomers (those born between 1946 and 1964) comprise the largest segment of the farsighted population, and many view the need for glasses as a sign of aging. Yet, hyperopic procedures comprised only a small percentage of the nearly 2 million U.S. refractive surgeries performed last year. Consumer research indicates that, to date, very few people between the ages of 40 to 60 have even considered vision correction surgery, as they tend to be more conservative and risk-adverse than their younger, nearsighted (myopic) counterparts.
Wednesday, January 15, 2020
Academic Stress Essay
This annotated bibliography was prepared at Stanford University under the supervision of faculty from the Law School and the School of Education working in collaboration with Challenge Success. It is not intended to be all-inclusive. If you are aware of articles, books, or other materials that should be included, please send an email to Professor Michele Dauber at mldauber@gmail.com. Please feel free use this bibliography and cite it or the materials in it. You can use it several ways. 1. If you know the topic you are interested in (i.e., depression), you can scroll down and read the â€Å"Summary Findings by Topic,†and then locate the cited articles by searching the document on the author’s name, searching chronologically. 2. You can also search this document for the keyword â€Å"depression†and read the abstracts of the articles that contain that keyword. 3. You can scan the most recent reseach by reading the most recent abstracts in the â€Å"Annotated Bibliography of Sources in Reverse Chronological Order. Internationally, students that are not academically burnt out tend to have higher GPA scores and self-esteem than students that are academically burnt out (Lee et al., 2010). Studies show an important relationship between increased school work and decreased sleep, as well as the relationship between decreased sleep and increased feelings of anxiety, depression, and fatigue (Fuligni & Hardway, 2006). Longitudinal studies show an increasing pressure placed on children and adolescents in terms of expected time spent on school and school-related work, which could result in less time for things like extracurricular activities, sleeping, and spending time with family (Juster, Ono, & Stafford, 2004). Yadusky-Holahan, M., Holahan, W. (1983). The effect of academic stress upon the anxiety and depression levels of gifted high school students. Gifted Children Quarterly 27(42): 42-46. Keywords: academic stress, student anxiety and depression, living situation, gifted students The primary goal of this study was to understand the relationship between living situation (living alone or with a roommate) and anxiety and depression for high-ability, high-achieving students. Findings show that stressors relating to the school environment, academic expectations, and workload were found to be potential contributors to heightened depression. The study had various hypotheses, including the prediction that increased anxiety and depression levels would be found for those students that lived alone, because they were lacking peer support. The participants included sixty twelve-grade students who attended a competitive public school. Thirty of these students lived alone, and thirty had chosen to live with roommates. Measures were taken to limit environmental effects, and three instruments were used to gather three separate tests over a five month period. These instruments included The Depression Adjective Check Lists, the IPAT Anxiety Scale, and the Mooney Problem Check List. The data was gathered before school started, in the middle of the semester, and just before final examinations. Results showed that depression was significantly higher mid-semester versus beginning of the semester, except for females with roommates. Males with roommates and females without roommates reported significantly higher levels of depression during the final exam period. Stressors relating to the school environment, academic expectations, and workload were found to be potential contributors to this heightened depression. Other findings were that only women in single rooms had increased levels of academic stress as the semester progressed (though this may have been due to environmental factors). In sum, this population demonstrated a link between academic stress and depression. This finding, as well as other finding pertaining to living situations, imply that there needs to be increased social interaction in residential living schools to help students cope and gain peer support in a high-stress environment. 1982 Hansell, S. (1982). Student, parent, and school effects on the stress of college application. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 23(1), 38-51. Keywords: stress, college applications, student, parent, and school characteristics This study examined the relationship between student, parent, and school characteristics and the stress of college applications. Data from 254 high school students in an affluent private high school revealed that student and parent characteristics influence the experience of stress during college applications. Students with lower socioeconomic status, higher seniority in the school, or whose parents were most heavily involved in school affairs demonstrated the greatest blood pressure increases. The researchers employed two studies, the first was to assess cardiovascular changes caused by the SAT among eleventh grade students, and the second study involved interviewing students (grades nine through twelve) to elicit cardiovascular responses to the stress of college applications. Though the results of this study cannot be generalized to other types of school environments, there are important implications regarding the influence that student/parent characteristics and school environments have on stress levels surrounding the college application process. 1958 Sarnoff, I., Lighthall, F. F. , Waite, K. S. , Davidson, K. S. and Sarason, S. B. (1958). A crosscultural study of anxiety amongst American and English school children. Journal of Educational Psychology 49: 129-137. Keywords: test anxiety, general anxiety, international comparison This study demonstrates that the link between examinations and anxiety are longstanding. The researchers involved in this study attempted to validate a measure of anxiety, which had been used in their previous studies. The researchers were able to see if correlates of test anxiety were similar across two different cultures, as well as examine the effects that a school examination has on test anxiety. English children must take the â€Å"eleven plus†examinations, which determine their educational future and (at that time) had no counterpart in American culture. After distributing the Test Anxiety Scale and the General Anxiety Scale to equivalent groups of English and American children, results confirmed the hypotheses of the study. English children had higher test anxiety scores than American children, because of the greater importance of their school exams. The children in both countries had similar scores for general anxiety. As school grade increased, the importance of test examinations increased as well. Finally, girls had higher scores on both types of anxiety than boys in both countries, which researchers attributed to more social acceptability of girls to express fear and distress. Again, this study’s findings demonstrate that the link between examinations and anxiety are longstanding. The increasing importance of tests in both cultures could imply the increasing levels of anxiety in children.
Tuesday, January 7, 2020
The Effects Of Music On Our Lives - 1287 Words
Music is part of most of our everyday lives. Adults and Children value music for entertainment purposes, though many of us may not consider what it has to offer us beyond this use. From very early on, children learn nursery rhymes and explore the world of rhythm using pots and pans and wooden spoons. Many individuals acknowledge the importance of music in our lives for enrichment and culture. Research is beginning to uncover the far reaching benefits of music, not just for enjoyment, but also for the social, linguistic, cultural and even psychological benefits it has to offer. Music takes root as an influential aspect of our lives from an early point. Many of us can recall times with mother or fathers spent listening to records and singing†¦show more content†¦How early are the benefits of music in our lives apparent? How can music in the lives of our children affect them positively developmentally? The answer to these questions may not necessarily surprise many, but it is likely that most people don’t realize just how important music can encourage development in children and in how many areas. Additionally, with the knowledge we now know about how early auditory development occurs in babies, we see that music may begin to play its part in our children’s lives even before birth. Though parents may not initially think their mother good rhymes in song will affect their communication and learning skills or effect how easily they join groups of other children later in life when they head off to school or daycare, there is evidence that suggests that music in itself is a facilitator of children to enter the social world in a non-isolated manner. The bitter sting of dropping a child off at school on heir first day will likely still be painful for many parents, but entering the world of other children an new authority figures is shown to be far less uncomfortable for children who assimilate into a musical environment. Often, music serves as a platform for individuals of different cultures or ethnicities to find common ground and interest. It can help children express themselves in new ways and develop social skills by allowing children an
Subscribe to:
Posts (Atom)